RE: Validity of the Lutheran offices
Here is a fun little quote from John Allen Jr.'s book, Future Church. It features Dr. Michael Root, now a convert to catholicism, but at the time he was acting as an apologist for the validity of the ministry in the Lutheran Church according to teachings already held by the RC.
Ironically, one model of this kind of astute phraseology was offered by a Lutheran scholar, Michael Root, at the 1997 convention of the Catholic Theological Society of America. Root’s aim was to convince the Catholic Church to recognize some validity to ordained ministry in Protestant denominations such as his own. On the surface, such a proposal would seem to contradict the evangelical Catholic emphasis on the unique status of the Catholic Church, but in this regard Root’s case was ingenious. By citing official documents, he demonstrated that Catholic teaching holds the following points:
* The one church of Christ is “present and at work” in other Christian bodies, such as the Anglican Communion and Lutheranism;
* These “ecclesial communities” are instruments of salvation for their members;
* They have preserved the “basic truths” of the gospel.
At the same time, Root observed, Catholicism also holds that these bodies lack valid ordained ministries—meaning, in effect, that they don’t have real bishops. (He recalled one droll English Catholic wit who defined the Archbishop of Canterbury as a “dubiously baptized layman.”) Root then drew the obvious conclusion: if the three points given above are true, then the Catholic Church must believe that bishops are not essential to ecclesial communion, to the presence of the Church, to the means of grace that lead to salvation, or to the teaching office. Otherwise, he suggested, it would be impossible to explain the presence of those qualities in communities that don’t have bishops. Root’s contention was that recognizing some measure of validity to Lutheran and Anglican priests and bishops is essential to defending the Roman Catholic theology of the bishop’s office.
Allen Jr, John L. (2009-11-03). The Future Church: How Ten Trends are Revolutionizing the Catholic Church (Kindle Locations 1705-1719). The Doubleday Religious Publishing Group. Kindle Edition.